Natural smokers
The phenomenon of why some smokers with experience do not get cancer is explained
Svetlana Maslova, Hi-tech+
High or low cancer risks are congenital, the researchers said. They identified seven so-called genetic "fingerprints" that either protect against the development of cancer throughout life, or, conversely, increase the likelihood of the disease. For this reason, some people, even those who adhere to a relatively healthy lifestyle, may get cancer, but long–term smokers do not.
Scientists from China and The researchers analyzed the genomes of almost 10,000 people with cancer and about 16,000 healthy people and identified seven genomic patterns associated with various types of cancer. They studied patients with the most common types of cancer, including lung, pancreatic and thyroid cancer, bladder, breast, brain, stomach, bones and others. There are 22 types of oncological diseases in total.
Article by Xu et al. Germline genomic patterns are associated with cancer risk, oncogenic pathways, and clinical outcomes published in the journal Science Advances – VM.
With the help of artificial intelligence, scientists analyzed the genomes of germ line cells that determine the genetic material of future offspring. In a new paper, which EurekAlert talks about, scientists for the first time described highly specialized biological patterns that determine cancer risks.
"We believe that a child is born with a genomic pattern of the germ line, which does not change during life and determines his lower or higher risk of cancer," said the author of the work Edwin Wang from University of Calgary.
So, they found one "fingerprint" of DNA that protects against cancer and six more, which, on the contrary, increase the likelihood of developing the disease during life.
"There are people who can smoke and lead an unhealthy lifestyle, but do not get cancer. Our discovery may explain this phenomenon," Wang commented.
He believes that the study has found a universal hereditary trait encoding cancer risk.
More research is needed to introduce diagnostics into clinical practice, but scientists are confident that genomic medicine will soon make the identification of cancer predispositions more accurate and simple. Meanwhile, it is only obvious that the exception confirms the rule, so all people, regardless of their genetic predisposition to cancer, should try to lead a healthy and active lifestyle to prevent the development of a malignant tumor.
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