Fast-healing implants
Perm Polytechnic University has created implants that take root several times faster than analogues
PNRPU blog, Naked Science
The researchers published the results of their work in three scientific journals (1, 2, 3). "Titanium alloys are often used in the field of biomedicine. Implants based on them have high strength, low rigidity and the necessary macroporosity. It is this property that ensures that bone cells and vessels effectively germinate into the product.
Cellular samples with different macroporosity. Photos of the PNRPU press service.
The researchers published the results of their work in three scientific journals. "Titanium alloys are often used in the field of biomedicine. Implants based on them have high strength, low rigidity and the necessary macroporosity. It is this property that ensures that bone cells and vessels effectively germinate into the product.
Perm scientists conducted a comprehensive study: they designed the geometry of the implant, developed the technology of its creation and set the necessary physical and mechanical properties. Structures with cells with a diameter of 2-3 millimeters and a macroporosity of 90-97 percent provided the same strength and modulus of elasticity as bone tissue. Clinical trials on laboratory animals allowed us to assess how quickly the implant was "populated" by living cells.
Highly porous cellular material with a cell diameter of 2 mm and a jumper with a diameter of 0.2 mm.
"With the help of 3D modeling and laser melting, we have developed implants made of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. The geometric shape with cells ensures accelerated germination of bone tissue into the product and reliably fixes it. Compared with analogues with a fine–pored structure, the restoration of bone tissue with our implant is 2-3 times faster," explains the researcher.
Cellular structure obtained by selective laser melting.
This effect was achieved by the macroporosity of the product. "Coupling" was also provided by special particles on the implant surface, which increased the contact area of living cells and the structure. The size of the pores allowed the formation of a network of blood vessels that supplies bone tissue with nutrients.
3D model of the jaw implant design for replacement of defects after removal of periarticular cysts.
Animal tests were conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Wagner State Medical University. Scientists found out that the active germination of tissues into cells began after two weeks, and the complete engraftment of structures occurred after 4-9 months. In the future, the researchers plan to conduct clinical trials on implanting implants in humans.
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