How to help the Immune system fight cancer
Immunostimulating vaccines
* – Dendritic cells present fragments of foreign proteins on their surface as part of the main histocompatibility complex of the first or second classes and activate CD8+ or CD4+ T cells, respectively. Note that CD4+ often play an auxiliary role in the immune response. After activation, they differentiate into different types of helper cells, depending on the polarizing cytokines [8].
* – It's hard to believe with what ingenuity cancer cells circumvent the immune system. In particular, they "pretend" to be sick in the face of "guards"-macrophages, and they trustfully rush to help them [15]. Moreover, the tumor cells managed to find the "stopcock" of lymphocytes – special receptors that inhibit the development of immune reactions - and actively use it, hiding from our defense system. And oncoimmunology is only just gaining sufficient skills to counter "deceive deceivers" [16]. – Ed.
* – When the size of artificial particles becomes comparable to the size of a cell or its individual components, we are talking about the interface of nano–bio – the area of contact between living matter and foreign objects of similar and smaller sizes [4]. Based on the idea of such an interface, various targeted delivery strategies can be built – starting from transdermal [21] and ending with the distribution of nanoparticles between various organs and organelles inside the cell. – Ed.
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