Proton pump inhibitors and risk of diabetes
There is evidence of changes in the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which may affect metabolism and potentially increase the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic steatohepatosis and diabetes mellitus. A meta-analysis and systematic review of observational studies of the risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM) on IPN supplementation, which included 244,439 patients, did not confirm an association between IPN and the development of DM. One study, however, had different results.A case-control study was performed in which pairs were selected from 777,420 patients over 40 years of age who were prescribed IPNs for the first time. Before 2020, 50,535 patients had developed diabetes mellitus. All of these patients were matched with pairs similar in gender, age, and clinical status.
As a result, it was shown that long-term use (more than 8 weeks) of IPN was associated with an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus: in those who took the drugs up to 6 months - by 19% (95% CI 15- 24), from 6 months to 2 years - by 43% (38-49), more than 2 years - by 56% (49-64). This effect was more pronounced in younger patients, as well as in patients with a large number of comorbidities.
The study has certain limitations, such as lack of data on baseline glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, family history of diabetes.
Source: https://academic.oup.com/jcem/advance-article/doi/10.1210/clinem/dgac231/6569190?login=false