Nanotech for the heart and molecular diet
The latest developments of Sechenov University
Tatiana Proskuryakova, Vesti
3D-printed cardiac nanotubes, scar-free laser sutures and the treatment of chronic diseases using a molecular diet: scientists at Sechenov University have developed such fantastic technologies in the field of medicine. When will these methods enter into medical practice?
What this 3D laser printer prints, scientists at Sechenov University call a tissue engineering design. In fact, this is the hope for millions of heart patients who have suffered a heart attack. The Biomedicine Technopark has developed a device that prints a multilayer composition of carbon nanoparticles and proteins. Stem cells are planted on it. It turns out a tissue capable of conducting nerve impulses.
"It is necessary to make a larger structure and fix it to the healthy part of the heart. When a healthy heart muscle contracts, it will entail this construction, which, in turn, will help to shrink the dead heart tissue," explains Alexander Gerasimenko, head of the laboratory of the Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering of the Scientific and Technological Park of Biomedicine of Sechenov University.
Scientists of the Institute of Bionic Technologies have come up with a method of "welding" living tissues. A special compound is applied to the incision site after the operation and irradiated with a laser. The tissues at the site of the wound literally stick together. The second stage of research is already underway – on animals.
The results of the experiment are here, in the vivarium of Sechenov University. These rats were treated with a new laser system, and they practically recovered after surgery.
A small laboratory patient was made four incisions with a scalpel under anesthesia. One was sewn up in the usual way.
"It is clear that one of the seams formed by the classical method is there, but the laser seams are not visible," says Alexander Gerasimenko.
Such a seam is waterproof and does not get infected. There are no scars left. In the near future, patients of the clinics of the First Honey will be offered this treatment option.
"We use this in maxillofacial surgery to weld certain incisions. Then it can be applied to cartilage and so on," says Dmitry Telyshev, director of the Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering of the Biomedicine Science and Technology Park of Sechenov University.
New methods of molecular dietetics are used in the Health Management Clinic. Recommendations are individual and are given on the basis of dozens of tests: checking for a violation of carbohydrate metabolism and vitamin deficiency, genetic research.
"More than 100 genes can be viewed, more than 100 points, in order to assess the risks from different sides, in relation to lipid metabolism, in relation to the risk of diabetes mellitus," says Natalia Pugacheva, a nutritionist at the Health Management Clinic of the Institute of Personalized Medicine at Sechenov University.
A child with zinc deficiency will get sick a lot. Metabolic disorders provoke autism. Molecular nutritionists can already predict which diseases will manifest themselves in 10 years if they do not influence the characteristics of the body with the help of a diet. For example, impaired folic acid metabolism increases the risk of chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and even some cancers as a consequence of chronic inflammation.
Often, citizens do not even suspect how many heavy metals enter their body when breathing. But it's easy to find out – by analyzing the hair for trace elements.
"Genetic diseases such as Wilson-Konovalov disease, in which excess copper accumulates in the brain and liver. Previously, it was believed that this disease is very rare. When we went deeper – yes, there are a lot of such patients, not in a bright, but in a more hidden form. A person has a liver ache, a headache, dementia begins early, dementia occurs," says Anatoly Skalny, head of the laboratory of Molecular Dietetics at the Institute of Personalized Medicine at Sechenov University.
The examination should be carried out every five years, scientists say. So with the help of one diet, you can stop the development of chronic diseases.
The video of the plot can be viewed here.
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