The salmonellosis vaccine can be simply swallowed
Anna Stavina, XX2 century, based on the materials of the University of Texas Medical Branch: UTMB develops an oral vaccine against Salmonella
Salmonella typhimurium under an electron microscope.
Scientists from the Medical Department of the University of Texas at Galveston have developed an oral vaccine that protects against salmonellosis. The study was published in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (Tatiana E. Erova et al., Protective Immunity Elicited by Oral Immunization of Mice with Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Braun Lipoprotein (Lpp) and Acetyltransferase (msbB) Mutants).
In previous work, researchers at the University of Texas have created several candidate vaccines based on three genetically modified strains of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. Vaccines were able to protect mice from a lethal dose of bacteria that cause salmonellosis. However, these drugs were administered by injection.
Oral administration of vaccines is the easiest and least traumatic way to protect people from salmonellosis. It is also advisable because the bacteria that cause this disease also enter the body through the mouth.
"In our study, we studied the immune response of mice who received the vaccine orally, as well as their reaction to a lethal dose of bacteria," says Ashok Chopra, Professor of microbiology and immunology. "We found that oral administration of the vaccine leads to the development of stable immunity to salmonella [in mice], which means that over time this method of vaccination can also be used to protect people."
Currently, there is no vaccine that protects against salmonellosis. The first-line drugs in the treatment of this disease are antibiotics. However, some strains of salmonella quickly develop resistance to antibacterial drugs, which complicates the fight against salmonellosis. Another potential threat is related to the fact that salmonella can be used as a biological weapon. This happened, for example, in Oregon, where religious fanatics specifically added a culture of bacteria to salads served in restaurants, infecting about 1,000 people.
Salmonellosis is one of the most common food infections. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), about 1.4 million cases of salmonella infection are registered annually in the country, with 15 thousand cases requiring hospitalization, and approximately 400 people per year die from this infection. It is also believed that for one registered case of salmonellosis, there are 39 cases left without an accurate diagnosis.
If salmonella gets into the body of a person suffering from immune disorders, or a child under 3 years old, it can lead to the development of a septic form of salmonellosis. Every year, about 1 million cases of this dangerous disease are registered in the world, leading to a fatal outcome in 25% of patients.
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21.12.2016