Laureates of the Russian President's Prize in Science and Innovation for 2010
The briefing was also attended by: Andrey E. Petrov – Chairman of the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in the Scientific and Educational Spheres of the Presidential Council for Science, Technology and Education; Anatoly S. Sharkov – Head of the Department of Information and Analytical Support of the Reference of the President of the Russian Federation.
This award was established on the initiative of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Science, Technology and Education and the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in the Scientific and Educational Spheres, which is part of its structure. It is awarded to young scientists and specialists of the Russian Federation "for a significant contribution to the development of domestic science and innovation activities in order to stimulate further research of the laureates of this award, creating favorable conditions for new scientific discoveries and innovative achievements."
The establishment of a special presidential award continues to arouse extreme interest among the scientific youth. After the release of the relevant decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Council for Science, Technology and Education receives about 300 submissions every year.
The year 2010 was no exception: a total of 278 submissions were received by the Council for Science within the framework of the award cycle. 195 works were allowed to participate in the 1st stage of the competition (individual submissions - 163, submissions in a group of 2 people – 13, out of 3 people - 19). The total number of admitted applicants is 246 people.
The issues of competitive selection of the award applicants were considered several times at the meetings of the Presidium of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Science, Technology and Education together with the Coordinating Council. 59 submissions were allowed to the final stage of the competition. 131 independent experts were involved in the examination of these works. The best 4 works were determined by secret ballot at a meeting of the Council for Science, Technology and Education. The authors of these works were recommended for the award of prizes.
The final decision on awarding the prize was approved by the President of the Russian Federation. He supported the Council's proposals and signed a corresponding Decree "On awarding the Prizes of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of science and innovation for young scientists for 2010".
It is worth noting that the competition, even at the final stage, was very high: the shortlist of the 2010 premium cycle presents truly talented, brave world-class works in a good way. Summing up the above, we can draw the main conclusion: the premium cycle was successful, the general trend in the development of science and innovation is set correctly, and interest in the topic is justifiably high.
Despite the significance of the scientific results demonstrated by the laureates in their 30s and 35s, it is absolutely clear that the prize is designed for the future. And we expect further achievements from our youth – brilliant successes in science and innovation.
On February 8, 2011, a solemn award ceremony will be held in the Catherine Hall in the Kremlin at 14 o'clock.
The winners of the 2010 Russian Federation President 's Award in the field of science and innovation for young scientists are:
1. GORBUNOV Dmitry Sergeevich - for a series of works in the field of elementary particle physics and fundamental problems of the evolution of the Universe
Gorbunov Dmitry Sergeevich, Ph.D., Ph.D., Ph.D., Department of Theoretical Physics of the Institute of Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Born on January 20, 1975 in Moscow.
The field of D.S.Gorbunov's research is at the forefront of modern fundamental physics, which considers from a unified perspective the phenomena of the micro- and macrocosm, which are in a close internal relationship between the laws of elementary particle physics and cosmology as the science of the evolution of the Universe.
The laureate's work is devoted to the study of global problems of modern fundamental physics: the reasons for the accelerated expansion of the Universe at the present stage of its evolution, the detected predominance of non-atomic "dark matter" in the Universe, the unsolved problem of the origin of matter in the absence of antimatter in the Universe, the problem of the nature of dark energy.
Solving these problems urgently requires going beyond the existing theory of elementary particles and fundamental interactions - the so-called Standard Model. D.S.Gorbunov's works are devoted to the development of theoretical approaches to the extension or generalization of the Standard Model in connection with the pending problems of particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology.
The laureate not only formulated and developed new theoretical ideas, put forward new hypotheses and ideas, but also proposed ways of their critical verification, both in the search and study of new phenomena by methods of observational astrophysics and cosmology, and in direct experiments on accelerators, in particular: on beams of the Large Hadron Collider, on large-scale underground, deep-sea neutrino telescopes, installations for the study of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
D.S.Gorbunov is the author of more than 50 scientific papers published in the world's leading scientific journals, an active participant in prestigious international projects and conferences. A number of D.S.Gorbunov's proposals on the search for dark matter particles ("sterile neutrinos", "sgoldstino" and "gravitino") predicted in certain extensions of the Standard Model are included in the experimental program of the Large Hadron Collider, and are an example of the notable intellectual contribution of Russian scientists to this major project of fundamental science.
The presented two-volume monograph "Introduction to the Theory of the early Universe" includes not only original, largely pioneering, results, but also summarizes the scientific achievements of fundamental physics, being both a classic textbook and a modern book on cosmology and its connection with elementary particle physics. The work at the intersection of the theory of elementary particles, astrophysics and cosmology is distinguished not only by scientific courage, but also by a deep understanding of the problems – its author has truly encyclopedic knowledge in these rapidly developing fields of science.
D.S.Gorbunov successfully combines his research work with scientific, pedagogical and social activities, being a teacher of the Department of Particle Physics and Cosmology of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University, a member of the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in the Scientific and Educational Sphere under the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Science, Technology and Education.
D.S.Gorbunov is an exceptionally gifted theoretical physicist, who, despite his youth, is widely known in the world for his works, has a high citation index, which puts him on a par with the most famous scientists. He was awarded a Gold medal and a prize for young scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, received diplomas of the President of Russia three times.
D.S.Gorbunov is a bright representative of the modern generation of scientists who have absorbed the best traditions of Russian scientific schools and work in Russia.
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences – www.inr.ac.ru2. Denis V. GRASHCHENKOV, Elizaveta Petrovna SIMONENKO, Natalia Evgenievna UVAROVA - for the creation of high-temperature ceramic composites of a new generation for advanced power plants and hypersonic aircraft.
Denis V. Grashchenkov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Deputy General Director of FSUE "All-Russian Research Institute of Aviation Materials" ("VIAM"). Born on May 7, 1977 in Moscow.
Simonenko Elizaveta Petrovna, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Moscow State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology named after M.V. Lomonosov. She was born on May 19, 1979 in the village of Barricade, Omsk region.
Natalia Evgenievna UVAROVA, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the sector of FSUE "VIAM". She was born on December 9, 1982 in the Skoropuskovsky microdistrict of Sergiev Posad district, Moscow region.
D.V.Grashchenkov, E.P.Simonenko and N.E.Uvarova are well–known specialists in the field of high-temperature materials science.
The team proposed and developed an alternative, which has no analogues in the world, technological method for obtaining fiber-free structural high-temperature ceramic composite material (in the "SiC SiC" system) at operating temperatures up to 1500 0 C. This material surpasses foreign analogues of well-known companies Cercom, Dow Corning, Carborundum, etc. in terms of operating temperatures and heat resistance, has high strength, the effect of self-healing of microdefects and restoring up to 100% of the original mechanical characteristics at operating temperatures. Its use makes it possible to increase the operational characteristics of gas turbine installations, aviation and hypersonic air-jet engines, to ensure the operability of elements of heat-loaded structures (including hypersonic aircraft) at operating temperatures 300-400 ° C higher than in currently used materials, significantly (at times) increase the environmental friendliness of their operation, reduce the weight of products by 2-3 three times.
In addition, the technologies developed by the authors provide an increase in the economic efficiency of production operations by 30-40% by reducing energy and material consumption compared to technologies existing abroad.
The team also proposed multilevel gradient protection systems against oxidation of high-temperature carbon-containing composites at temperatures up to 2000 ° C in an aggressive environment (including plasma chemical flows). The use of these protection systems ensures the operability of heat-stressed assemblies and parts made of carbon-containing composites, including when creating elements of promising hypersonic aircraft (the nose of the fuselage, the leading edges of the wings).
The complex of developed materials is also intended for the development of civil engineering in such areas as: mechanical engineering (automotive propulsion systems), chemical industry (high-temperature heat exchangers, recuperators), metallurgical industry (high-temperature equipment), energy industry (ground-based power gas turbine installations of a new generation, oil, gas pumping and transport systems).
The presented original developments of the authors are protected by patents for compositions of composite materials, the technology of their production and products based on them. The works performed by the team are well-known and enjoy deserved attention and high appreciation of specialists, their results have been published in a large number of articles, reported at international and Russian conferences. The work of the team presents a complete innovation cycle necessary for the development and production of civil and special equipment. This was facilitated by the unification of the scientific potential of representatives of academic, university and branch science.
The relevance of the results of the presented work is due to the fact that in Russia there is no production of continuous refractory reinforcing fillers based on silicon carbide fibers, similar to those used abroad. The main developers and manufacturers of these fibers - Japanese firms, refuse to sell licenses for technologies, and the supply of the fibers themselves to Russia is prohibited. This paper presents a technology that was first created in Russia, which made it possible to obtain fiber-free structural ceramic composite materials and high-temperature antioxidant coatings.
3. Maksim Igorevich MOKROUSOV, Anton Borisovich SANIN - for the development of the LEND space neutron detector and obtaining new results in the study of the Moon with its help
Maksim Igorevich Mokrousov, Ph.D., Researcher at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Born on October 12, 1975 in Moscow.
Anton Borisovich Sanin, Ph.D., Senior Researcher at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Born on March 27, 1977 in Moscow.
M.I.Mokrousov and A.B.Sanin work in the laboratory of cosmic gamma-ray spectroscopy under the supervision of Ph.D. I.G.Mitrofanov. High professionalism allowed this team to develop Russian instruments for conducting scientific research on board NASA spacecraft with the right to receive all scientific research data from the spacecraft. At the same time, Russia's costs are limited only by the cost of developing scientific equipment.
M.I.Mokrousov and A.B.Sanin played an important role in the creation of the unique LAND space telescope and in obtaining with its help the most important scientific result about the presence of areas with high water content at the poles of the Moon. LAND is the first space telescope in the world that has made it possible to perform "neutronography" of the Moon's surface with a high-precision spatial resolution of about 10 km, which is 10 times higher than previously achieved.
In the past, this team has made a decisive contribution to the discovery of permafrost on Mars (HAND instrument, 2002), and in the future plans to send new space instruments to Earth orbit, Mars and Mercury. In research using BTN-Neutron equipment on the Russian segment of the ISS, the team obtained new priority results on the properties of the neutron component of cosmic radiation in near-Earth space. The analysis of these data and the measurement results of the HAND instrument in near-Martian orbit and the LAND instrument in near-lunar orbit will be of great importance in the preparation and conduct of future manned expeditions into deep space.
When creating the LEND device, experimental physicist A.B.Sanin and instrument physicist M.I.Mokrousov developed special schemes for registering neutrons of various energies, a unique digital node based on a programmable logic integrated circuit, a neutron collimator with layers of polyethylene and compressed powder from the boron-10 isotope to absorb slowed-down neutrons, which ensured the highest quality of measurements.
A.B.Sanin conducted a detailed numerical simulation of the neutron telescope and found out the best shape and structure of the neutron collimator of this device, which allowed to achieve the necessary spatial resolution when registering neutrons from the Moon. M.I.Mokrousov is the leader in the development of the LEND device. The device has been working in space for about 1.5 years and continues to function without accidents and failures. The new scientific result obtained in the LEND experiment on the detection of areas with a high content of water ice at the lunar poles is of great importance for planning the placement and design of future habitable lunar bases. The availability of water resources on the Moon will allow in the future to provide the crew of the lunar base with water and oxygen obtained from the lunar regolith.
The implementation of the obtained results into practice has actually already happened. In October 2009, the NASA project management decided to target an artificial asteroid (the Centaurus upper stage) at the point on the lunar surface where, according to the LAND instrument, the largest amount of water ice was expected. Direct measurements of the substance ejected on impact confirmed the previously obtained estimate of the mass of ice. The publication of the results obtained with the help of the LAND device in the prestigious journal "Science" means international recognition of this discovery.
The results of measurements of the LAND instrument significantly influenced the concept of the national lunar exploration program: in the spring of 2010. The Space Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences has decided to adjust the concept of the domestic lunar project "Luna-Globe", the landing areas of future Russian automatic lunar stations have been identified to conduct studies of natural conditions at the poles of our natural satellite.
For the development and creation of the LAND device, M.I.Mokrousov and A.B.Sanin were awarded diplomas of the head of NASA, which testifies to the outstanding achievements they received in creating new space technology and international recognition. The laureates are co–authors of many papers published in leading domestic and foreign scientific journals, and their results have been reported at Russian and international conferences.
The results of the work on the creation of the LEND space neutron telescope and the discovery of the lunar permafrost deserve the highest praise, and the award of the prize to young space explorers is especially significant on the eve of the 50th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin's space flight.
4. ANDREEV Nikolay Nikolaevich - for achievements in the creation of innovative educational technologies, popularization and dissemination of scientific knowledge
Andreev Nikolay Nikolaevich, Ph.D., Head of the Laboratory of Popularization and Propaganda of Mathematics of the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Born on February 5 , 1975 in Saratov.
N.N.Andreev is an outstanding master of popularization of mathematics. Almost the whole of Russia is now familiar with his lectures and the project "Mathematical Studies". Over the past 10 years, he has created a brilliant collection of multimedia mathematical studies – dozens of films and miniatures representing various branches of mathematics and its applications. In addition to the traditional tasks and topics, they also tell about the mathematical results obtained in recent years.
The effect of N.N.Andreev's ascetic work to popularize science is greatly enhanced by open access to the project's films on the Internet. And thanks to the national project "Education", this collection has become available to thousands of students, teachers, students and university teachers all over the country.
The works of N.N.Andreev are a harmonious combination of precise mathematical statements with the ability to explain them to every person and every student. The algorithms proposed by the author and his team can find application in other areas of modeling and visualization, no longer directed directly at the student and teacher. A remarkable feature of the project is that, wherever possible, the viewer is unobtrusively led from the simplest examples to open problems of science.
The collection of N.N.Andreev makes the most of the possibilities of the modern world wide web. The works posted in it refer the interested student or teacher to other resources, in particular, to the richest collection of mathematical literature posted on the website of the Moscow Center for Continuing Mathematical Education ("Quantum" for all years, classical mathematics textbooks, a complete collection of Gordin's geometric problems, etc.).
The work of N.N.Andreev shows the mass student that mathematics is fascinating and beautiful. After the books of J.I. Perelman of the 1930s, this is the biggest achievement, opening a new direction in the popularization of modern mathematics. The uniqueness of the project was noted in 2009 by the Executive Committee of the International Commission on Mathematical Education.
Andreev's development is a truly innovative product in the technology of spreading scientific knowledge by popularizing the achievements of domestic mathematics and the scientific and technological progress of the country. Nothing like this exists all over the world.
Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru11.02.2011