On the same rake
Who is this nano for?
Denis Terentyev, "Arguments of the Week" No. 7-2015
The government will continue to finance Rusnano's projects, although by 2015 it was planned to send the state corporation to free float. On the one hand, one can only welcome when the authorities do not forget about innovations in difficult times. On the other hand, over the 8 years of its existence, Rusnano has repeatedly vandalized itself. And if we are to provide Anatoly Chubais with new billions, then it would be reasonable to make corporate finances more transparent. However, the Medvedev government is happily preparing to step on the same rake.
Playing for micronsAt the end of 2014, information appeared that Rusnano claimed 100 billion rubles from the National Welfare Fund.
In response, not only opposition public figures, but also figures loyal to the authorities, rose up: after all, about a hundred deputies of the State Duma had just signed an appeal to initiate proceedings under 9 articles of the Criminal Code against the leadership of Rusnano.In 2013, the Accounting Chamber's report left no stone unturned from its accounting department. According to the auditor of the joint venture Sergey Agaptsov, a number of transactions carried out at the expense of investments have signs of laundering and legalization of funds, obtaining unjustified tax benefits, understatement of taxable income, unjustified receipt of VAT refunds from the budget during export-import operations. The auditors analyzed some of the 155 projects funded by Rusnano and recognized only one as effective – the production of polymer films in Tatarstan.
On January 27, 2015, the central TV channel showed a detailed interview with the head of the corporation Anatoly Chubais, in which the hero clearly said: he will not need the NWF money.However, on February 3, it became clear that Rusnano will receive state subsidies to Rusnano for 2016-2020 in the amount of 50.2 billion rubles. Another 15.1 billion. subsidies are planned to be provided to the Fund for Infrastructure and Educational Programs (FIOP), one of the "daughters" that were separated from the corporation in 2010. Finally, in 2016-2019, the state can provide guarantees on loans to Rusnano for a total of 100 billion rubles. Probably, the "main privatizer", refusing the money of the NWF, already knew that he would receive in addition to his requests from another pocket.
Rusnano lobbyists object: is it bad that oil money is invested in real modern production? For example, at the end of 2014, despite all the sanctions and cataclysms, the Liotech plant started operating in Novosibirsk, producing, as it says on its website, "batteries using nanostructured lithium-iron-phosphate cathode material." For the plant, this was the second birth – after the launch in 2011 in a joint project with the Chinese for 13.5 billion rubles. However, already in August 2014, the project was stopped: the batteries turned out to be needed only by the military, the losses of Rusnano amounted to up to 5 billion rubles. And the media reported that the same Chinese partners supply similar products to the armies of China and the United States. "The project may pose a threat to the national security of the country," the report of the Accounting Chamber says.
As a result, the Chinese left the project, and Rusnano restarted it with budget money. It is not known how much money it cost and whether it is possible to expect a return on investments. According to the general director of the company Andrey Petrov, in the first quarter of 2015, the product range that Liotech will produce will be finalized. That is, they built it without fully deciding why.
At the end of January 2015, when the issue of state aid to Rusnano was being resolved, the corporation bought 5.5% of the shares of the Pipe Metallurgical Company (TMK) for 5.5 billion rubles. The parties are going to modernize the plant in the Sverdlovsk region and produce seamless pipes for the oil industry. Experts immediately noticed that at the time of the transaction, the entire TMK was worth about 40 billion rubles, but Rusnano paid for its package as if the pipe workers were worth 100 billion rubles – that is, 2.5 times more. There is no question of any control or blocking package. Rusnano says that TMK is undervalued. It would be more likely to be believed if it weren't for the skeletons from the past.
NanoscaleThe beauty of it is that there is still no single definition of what is considered nanotechnology.
And the formulations included in the dictionaries take up half a page and take out the brain even for people with higher technical education. In practical terms, nanotechnology includes the production of devices and their components necessary for the creation, processing and manipulation of atoms, molecules and nanoparticles. It is believed that the technology was born in 1959, when the future Nobel laureate American Richard Feynman noted that atoms can be used as building materials. In the 1990s, the Japanese Sumio Ijima created carbon tubes with a diameter of 0.8 nanometers, on the basis of which materials are produced today that are 100 times stronger than steel. In reality, nanotechnology can be called any biochemistry or experimental metallurgy.
In 2006, on the wave of oil and gas prosperity, Russia rushed to catch up with advanced countries. 200 billion rubles were spared for the creation of the Rosnanotech state corporation, which later turned into Rusnano. Although there were many skeptics in scientific circles. According to the dean of the Faculty of Materials Sciences of Moscow State University, Yuri Tretyakov, time is lost and another pursuit of the West will take decades. In addition, the development of nanotechnology requires not a state monster, but a competitive environment of hundreds of scientific groups.However, no one heard the skeptics, because in the corridors of power there was an incomprehensible enthusiasm based on what. According to the forecast of the Ministry of Economic Development, by 2020 the cost of Russian high-tech goods should double the entire oil and gas sector. And after 8 years, the people were promised colored asphalt that controls the speed of movement, and walls that absorb and process toxic exhaust.
And now the long-awaited 2015 has come. Anatoly Chubais said that 87 companies are currently listed in the corporation's project portfolio. That Rusnano intends to exit 7-8 projects with good profitability in 2015, 1-2 projects will be closed as unprofitable. All these are beautiful figures for reporting, which do not hide the essence: the miracles promised in 2007 did not happen, and Rusnano needs money again.
But in the first five years of activity, 6 billion rubles were spent on the administrative and economic needs of Rusnano, 5.3 billion rubles were spent on the purchase and repair of an office, 4 billion rubles were spent on consulting and expert services, 560 million rubles were spent on security, 850 million rubles were spent on transport. Labor costs per employee increased from 2007 to 2012 from 65 to 592 thousand rubles. For their comfortable work, they purchased a business center at a price of 300 thousand rubles per square meter. They spent 800-900 thousand rubles a month on S‑class Mercedes for Rosnanovites, and 1.6 million rubles on Chubais' Audi. By the way, Anatoly Chubais, with an official income of over 200 million rubles, has probably become the highest-paid head of state-owned companies.
At the end of 2014, State Duma deputy Oksana Dmitrieva asked the Prosecutor General's Office: it turned out that the Investigative Committee was investigating criminal cases for many Rusnano projects. In the sad history of creating an electronic book for schoolchildren, 5 billion rubles remained on the foreign accounts of partners. In a $13 billion project to produce polysilicon batteries near Irkutsk, the contractor spent almost all the money received to purchase shares in a Cypriot offshore company, which was nominally worth one ruble. And the money allocated for the first launch of "Liotech" walked around the world: contractors lent them to subsidiaries, they paid contributions to the budget and the salary of the director of "one–day" - up to 11 million rubles.
It seems to be obvious that in the absence of control over the actions of the management of Rusnano, the current billions will not be spent in the most effective way. However, the authorities still do not say a word about an independent audit of the state corporation, the disclosure of its financial documents or a parliamentary investigation. On the contrary, the cynical idea of selling 20% of the shares of the Rusnano management company to its top managers and some "strategic investors" is still alive.
At the end of 2014, the idea was only postponed due to "external challenges". But Dmitry Medvedev's right–hand man, Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich, oversees Rusnano and seems to be very sympathetic to Chubais. The media reported that Dvorkovich may head the supervisory board at Rusnano.
Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru27.02.2015